Chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine in the management of COVID-19: Much kerfuffle but little evidence.
Identifieur interne : 000060 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 000059; suivant : 000061Chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine in the management of COVID-19: Much kerfuffle but little evidence.
Auteurs : M. Roustit [France] ; R. Guilhaumou [France] ; M. Molimard [France] ; M-D Drici [France] ; S. Laporte [France] ; J-L Montastruc [France]Source :
- Therapie [ 1958-5578 ]
Descripteurs français
- KwdFr :
- Chloroquine (administration et posologie), Chloroquine (effets indésirables), Humains (MeSH), Hydroxychloroquine (administration et posologie), Hydroxychloroquine (effets indésirables), Infections à coronavirus (traitement médicamenteux), Infections à coronavirus (virologie), Pandémies (MeSH), Pneumopathie virale (traitement médicamenteux), Pneumopathie virale (virologie), Résultat thérapeutique (MeSH), Surveillance des médicaments (MeSH).
- MESH :
- administration et posologie : Chloroquine, Hydroxychloroquine.
- effets indésirables : Chloroquine, Hydroxychloroquine.
- traitement médicamenteux : Infections à coronavirus, Pneumopathie virale.
- virologie : Infections à coronavirus, Pneumopathie virale.
- Humains, Pandémies, Résultat thérapeutique, Surveillance des médicaments.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- Chloroquine (administration & dosage), Chloroquine (adverse effects), Coronavirus Infections (drug therapy), Coronavirus Infections (virology), Drug Monitoring (MeSH), Humans (MeSH), Hydroxychloroquine (administration & dosage), Hydroxychloroquine (adverse effects), Pandemics (MeSH), Pneumonia, Viral (drug therapy), Pneumonia, Viral (virology), Treatment Outcome (MeSH).
- MESH :
- chemical , administration & dosage : Chloroquine, Hydroxychloroquine.
- chemical , adverse effects : Chloroquine, Hydroxychloroquine.
- drug therapy : Coronavirus Infections, Pneumonia, Viral.
- virology : Coronavirus Infections, Pneumonia, Viral.
- Drug Monitoring, Humans, Pandemics, Treatment Outcome.
Abstract
Chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine are drugs that have shown in vitro activity on the replication of certain coronaviruses. In the context of the SARS-Cov-2 epidemic, the virus responsible for the novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19), these two drugs have been proposed as possible treatments. The results of the first clinical studies evaluating the effect of hydroxychloroquine do not support any efficacy of this drug in patients with COVID-19, due to major methodological weaknesses. Yet, these preliminary studies have aroused considerable media interest, raising fears of massive and uncontrolled use. In the absence of evidence of clinical benefits, the main risk is of exposing patients unnecessarily to the well-known adverse effects of hydroxychloroquine, with a possibly increased risk in the specific setting of COVID-19. In addition, widespread use outside of any recommendation risks compromising the completion of good quality clinical trials. The chloroquine hype, fueled by low-quality studies and media announcements, has yielded to the implementation of more than 150 studies worldwide. This represents a waste of resources and a loss of opportunity for other drugs to be properly evaluated. In the context of emergency, rigorous trials are more than ever needed in order to have, as soon as possible, reliable data on drugs that are possibly effective against the disease. Meanwhile, serious adverse drug reactions have been reported in patients with COVID-19 receiving hydroxychloroquine, justifying to limit its prescription, and to perform suitable cardiac and therapeutic drug monitoring.
DOI: 10.1016/j.therap.2020.05.010
PubMed: 32473812
PubMed Central: PMC7244425
Affiliations:
- France
- Aquitaine, Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, Midi-Pyrénées, Nouvelle-Aquitaine, Occitanie (région administrative), Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur, Rhône-Alpes
- Bordeaux, Grenoble, Marseille, Nice, Saint-Étienne, Toulouse
- Université Grenoble-Alpes, Université d'Aix-Marseille
Links toward previous steps (curation, corpus...)
Le document en format XML
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Roustit</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:affiliation>Pharmacologie clinique, Université Grenoble Alpes, CHU de Grenoble, 38043 Grenoble, France. Electronic address: mroustit@chu-grenoble.fr.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>Pharmacologie clinique, Université Grenoble Alpes, CHU de Grenoble, 38043 Grenoble</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="region" nuts="2">Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes</region><region type="old region" nuts="2">Rhône-Alpes</region><settlement type="city">Grenoble</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">Université Grenoble-Alpes</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Guilhaumou, R" sort="Guilhaumou, R" uniqKey="Guilhaumou R" first="R" last="Guilhaumou">R. 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Laporte</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Université Jean Monnet, Université de Lyon, et unité de recherche clinique, innovation, pharmacologie, CHU Saint-Etienne, 42055 Saint-Étienne, France.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>Université Jean Monnet, Université de Lyon, et unité de recherche clinique, innovation, pharmacologie, CHU Saint-Etienne, 42055 Saint-Étienne</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="region" nuts="2">Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes</region><region type="old region" nuts="2">Rhône-Alpes</region><settlement type="city">Saint-Étienne</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Montastruc, J L" sort="Montastruc, J L" uniqKey="Montastruc J" first="J-L" last="Montastruc">J-L Montastruc</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Service de pharmacologie médicale et clinque, centre de pharmacovigilance, de pharmacoépidémiologie et d'informations sur le médicament, CIC INSERM 1436, faculté de Médecine, centre hospitalier universitaire de Toulouse, 31000 Toulouse, France.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>Service de pharmacologie médicale et clinque, centre de pharmacovigilance, de pharmacoépidémiologie et d'informations sur le médicament, CIC INSERM 1436, faculté de Médecine, centre hospitalier universitaire de Toulouse, 31000 Toulouse</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="region" nuts="2">Occitanie (région administrative)</region><region type="old region" nuts="2">Midi-Pyrénées</region><settlement type="city">Toulouse</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Therapie</title><idno type="eISSN">1958-5578</idno></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Chloroquine (administration & dosage)</term><term>Chloroquine (adverse effects)</term><term>Coronavirus Infections (drug therapy)</term><term>Coronavirus Infections (virology)</term><term>Drug Monitoring (MeSH)</term><term>Humans (MeSH)</term><term>Hydroxychloroquine (administration & dosage)</term><term>Hydroxychloroquine (adverse effects)</term><term>Pandemics (MeSH)</term><term>Pneumonia, Viral (drug therapy)</term><term>Pneumonia, Viral (virology)</term><term>Treatment Outcome (MeSH)</term></keywords><keywords scheme="KwdFr" xml:lang="fr"><term>Chloroquine (administration et posologie)</term><term>Chloroquine (effets indésirables)</term><term>Humains (MeSH)</term><term>Hydroxychloroquine (administration et posologie)</term><term>Hydroxychloroquine (effets indésirables)</term><term>Infections à coronavirus (traitement médicamenteux)</term><term>Infections à coronavirus (virologie)</term><term>Pandémies (MeSH)</term><term>Pneumopathie virale (traitement médicamenteux)</term><term>Pneumopathie virale (virologie)</term><term>Résultat thérapeutique (MeSH)</term><term>Surveillance des médicaments (MeSH)</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" type="chemical" qualifier="administration & dosage" xml:lang="en"><term>Chloroquine</term><term>Hydroxychloroquine</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" type="chemical" qualifier="adverse effects" xml:lang="en"><term>Chloroquine</term><term>Hydroxychloroquine</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="administration et posologie" xml:lang="fr"><term>Chloroquine</term><term>Hydroxychloroquine</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="drug therapy" xml:lang="en"><term>Coronavirus Infections</term><term>Pneumonia, Viral</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="effets indésirables" xml:lang="fr"><term>Chloroquine</term><term>Hydroxychloroquine</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="traitement médicamenteux" xml:lang="fr"><term>Infections à coronavirus</term><term>Pneumopathie virale</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="virologie" xml:lang="fr"><term>Infections à coronavirus</term><term>Pneumopathie virale</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="virology" xml:lang="en"><term>Coronavirus Infections</term><term>Pneumonia, Viral</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="en"><term>Drug Monitoring</term><term>Humans</term><term>Pandemics</term><term>Treatment Outcome</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="fr"><term>Humains</term><term>Pandémies</term><term>Résultat thérapeutique</term><term>Surveillance des médicaments</term></keywords></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">Chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine are drugs that have shown in vitro activity on the replication of certain coronaviruses. In the context of the SARS-Cov-2 epidemic, the virus responsible for the novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19), these two drugs have been proposed as possible treatments. The results of the first clinical studies evaluating the effect of hydroxychloroquine do not support any efficacy of this drug in patients with COVID-19, due to major methodological weaknesses. Yet, these preliminary studies have aroused considerable media interest, raising fears of massive and uncontrolled use. In the absence of evidence of clinical benefits, the main risk is of exposing patients unnecessarily to the well-known adverse effects of hydroxychloroquine, with a possibly increased risk in the specific setting of COVID-19. In addition, widespread use outside of any recommendation risks compromising the completion of good quality clinical trials. The chloroquine hype, fueled by low-quality studies and media announcements, has yielded to the implementation of more than 150 studies worldwide. This represents a waste of resources and a loss of opportunity for other drugs to be properly evaluated. In the context of emergency, rigorous trials are more than ever needed in order to have, as soon as possible, reliable data on drugs that are possibly effective against the disease. Meanwhile, serious adverse drug reactions have been reported in patients with COVID-19 receiving hydroxychloroquine, justifying to limit its prescription, and to perform suitable cardiac and therapeutic drug monitoring.</div></front></TEI><pubmed><MedlineCitation Status="MEDLINE" Owner="NLM"><PMID Version="1">32473812</PMID><DateCompleted><Year>2020</Year><Month>09</Month><Day>01</Day></DateCompleted><DateRevised><Year>2020</Year><Month>09</Month><Day>22</Day></DateRevised><Article PubModel="Print-Electronic"><Journal><ISSN IssnType="Electronic">1958-5578</ISSN><JournalIssue CitedMedium="Internet"><Volume>75</Volume><Issue>4</Issue><PubDate><MedlineDate>2020 Jul - Aug</MedlineDate></PubDate></JournalIssue><Title>Therapie</Title><ISOAbbreviation>Therapie</ISOAbbreviation></Journal><ArticleTitle>Chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine in the management of COVID-19: Much kerfuffle but little evidence.</ArticleTitle><Pagination><MedlinePgn>363-370</MedlinePgn></Pagination><ELocationID EIdType="pii" ValidYN="Y">S0040-5957(20)30100-1</ELocationID><ELocationID EIdType="doi" ValidYN="Y">10.1016/j.therap.2020.05.010</ELocationID><Abstract><AbstractText>Chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine are drugs that have shown in vitro activity on the replication of certain coronaviruses. In the context of the SARS-Cov-2 epidemic, the virus responsible for the novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19), these two drugs have been proposed as possible treatments. The results of the first clinical studies evaluating the effect of hydroxychloroquine do not support any efficacy of this drug in patients with COVID-19, due to major methodological weaknesses. Yet, these preliminary studies have aroused considerable media interest, raising fears of massive and uncontrolled use. In the absence of evidence of clinical benefits, the main risk is of exposing patients unnecessarily to the well-known adverse effects of hydroxychloroquine, with a possibly increased risk in the specific setting of COVID-19. In addition, widespread use outside of any recommendation risks compromising the completion of good quality clinical trials. The chloroquine hype, fueled by low-quality studies and media announcements, has yielded to the implementation of more than 150 studies worldwide. This represents a waste of resources and a loss of opportunity for other drugs to be properly evaluated. In the context of emergency, rigorous trials are more than ever needed in order to have, as soon as possible, reliable data on drugs that are possibly effective against the disease. Meanwhile, serious adverse drug reactions have been reported in patients with COVID-19 receiving hydroxychloroquine, justifying to limit its prescription, and to perform suitable cardiac and therapeutic drug monitoring.</AbstractText><CopyrightInformation>Copyright © 2020 Société française de pharmacologie et de thérapeutique. Published by Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.</CopyrightInformation></Abstract><AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Roustit</LastName><ForeName>M</ForeName><Initials>M</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Pharmacologie clinique, Université Grenoble Alpes, CHU de Grenoble, 38043 Grenoble, France. Electronic address: mroustit@chu-grenoble.fr.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Guilhaumou</LastName><ForeName>R</ForeName><Initials>R</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Aix Marseille Université, hôpital de la Timone, institut de neuroscience des systèmes, 13005 Marseille, France.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Molimard</LastName><ForeName>M</ForeName><Initials>M</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Service de pharmacologie médicale, University Bordeaux, Inserm U1219, 33076 Bordeaux, France.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Drici</LastName><ForeName>M-D</ForeName><Initials>MD</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Pharmacovigilance - Department of Pharmacology, Pasteur Hospital, 06001 Nice, France.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Laporte</LastName><ForeName>S</ForeName><Initials>S</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Université Jean Monnet, Université de Lyon, et unité de recherche clinique, innovation, pharmacologie, CHU Saint-Etienne, 42055 Saint-Étienne, France.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Montastruc</LastName><ForeName>J-L</ForeName><Initials>JL</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Service de pharmacologie médicale et clinque, centre de pharmacovigilance, de pharmacoépidémiologie et d'informations sur le médicament, CIC INSERM 1436, faculté de Médecine, centre hospitalier universitaire de Toulouse, 31000 Toulouse, France.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><CollectiveName>French Society of Pharmacology and Therapeutics (SFPT)</CollectiveName></Author></AuthorList><Language>eng</Language><PublicationTypeList><PublicationType UI="D016428">Journal Article</PublicationType><PublicationType UI="D016454">Review</PublicationType></PublicationTypeList><ArticleDate DateType="Electronic"><Year>2020</Year><Month>05</Month><Day>23</Day></ArticleDate></Article><MedlineJournalInfo><Country>France</Country><MedlineTA>Therapie</MedlineTA><NlmUniqueID>0420544</NlmUniqueID><ISSNLinking>0040-5957</ISSNLinking></MedlineJournalInfo><ChemicalList><Chemical><RegistryNumber>4QWG6N8QKH</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="D006886">Hydroxychloroquine</NameOfSubstance></Chemical><Chemical><RegistryNumber>886U3H6UFF</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="D002738">Chloroquine</NameOfSubstance></Chemical></ChemicalList><SupplMeshList><SupplMeshName Type="Disease" UI="C000657245">COVID-19</SupplMeshName><SupplMeshName Type="Protocol" UI="C000705127">COVID-19 drug treatment</SupplMeshName></SupplMeshList><CitationSubset>IM</CitationSubset><MeshHeadingList><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D002738" MajorTopicYN="N">Chloroquine</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000008" MajorTopicYN="Y">administration 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